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Energy

How strongly does the world demand grow in energy? Till 2020 the US-Department of energy (doe) counts in his newest one “Energy Outlook”  with an increase of the worldwide energy inquiry about nearly 60%.

The reason for it are the persistent growth of the world population and additional the economic catching-up process  in particular in the threshold lands and developing countries which have a considerable need to catch up in her energy supply.

Therefore, the classical energy sources natural gas, oil and coal must also carry from now on the brunt of the energy supply. Renewable energy will expand - with political support and the considerable financial support granted to them - from now on her interest.

The Industrie Anlagen Vertriebs GmbH finances and builds own power stations which it pursues later exclusively itself. As the cleanest energy source natural gas is used preferentially. However, beside the classical energy sources we are also to be generated in the position with a high efficiency from rubbish the necessary stream. By our innovative sewage and waste gas cleaning these projects are also conceivable close to town.

Energy source garbage

The substantially more difficult use of the energy source renewable garbage requires a natural gas supply between 25 to 50%. The amount of the auxiliary fuel depends of the quality of the house garbage and from the recommendations of the steam arrangements manufacturer.

The required amount in garbage is delivered by special garbage vehicles poor in smell which are automatically weighed before the emptying. Plastics, metals, glass and other are separated on special conveyers. Now the sorted out valuable materials can be processed. The remaining rest garbage is pressed afterwards with high pressure to ashlars to reduce the rest humidity on <=10%.

Burn

Over a hydraulic distributor the pressed waste blocks are transported into the combustion chambers. Within a combustion chamber the waste block with a chain conveyor is pushed slowly over water-cooled burn rust. Bringing the waste block in is made for the reduction of the residual moisture by a drying tunnel. Distributed over the rust length of a burn line are in each case four air zones. The primary air supply, sucked off from the garbage shelter, can be adapted thus supporting to the respective needs of the burn. With falling below the temperature in the heating space and reductions of the steam quantity a supporting firing takes place via individually applicable starting and supporting burners. This necessary employment takes place fully automatic and makes a constant fuel achievement possible . Enterprises preferably become these burners with gas in addition, with diesel oil. The calorific values of domestic refuse varying according to experience between 8 MJ/kg and 14 MJ/kg. Ash and cinder discharge are made by an screw conveyor.

The kettle dust deposits arise most strongly within the red marked range.

A characteristic with the burn by domestic refuse to be considered must, is the soot deposit in the steam generating unit. The fuel gas lowers in a strong measure this deposit. Without the additional use of gas is to be out-dipped the plant operator forced every two years the complete steam generating unit. The internationally usual additional amounts of gas are explained descriptive in the above diagram.

Steam Production

The steam turbines need a live steam quantity, which is produced in the heating space and the boiler courses downstream. Produced steam afterwards over a heater in the combustion chamber led around to increase the pressure. Steam is led into the steam turbines and processed there condensing. After that flowing through turbines steam possesses a pressure of 0,9 bar. Exhausted steam is cooled in an air cooler, liquefied and again pumped to the cycle back.

Flue gas cooling

The flue gas reaches a temperature of 850°C by addition of secondary combustion air. The exhaust gas stream is cooled down by an injector blower by bypass air on a temperature from approximately 450°C to 550°C. Subsequently, the flue gases are moistened by water nozzles (Quench) and by this water evaporation lowered on a temperature of approximately 180° C. By the fast cooling and humidification the airborne dust sticks together to larger units, which separation of the dust particle thus facilitated.

Flue gas purification

The first stage of the flue gas purification takes place by a cyclone. The evacuation of the collected fly ash takes place downward in collectors. After flowing through the cyclone the flue gas in a second cleaning stage is led by a silo, which is filled with plastic granulates. This plastic granulates serves as wet scrubber and binds in a processing step hydrogen chloride (HCl), fluorine hydrogen (HF), sulfur dioxide (SO2), as well as particle bound and gaseous heavy metals. In the third and last cleaning stage the gaseous pollutants are led by a catalyst. The catalyst is equipped with ozone generators, which produce O3 for an accelerated reaction. It essentially consists of tita nium oxide, vanadiumpent oxide and eight further metallic oxides. Dioxins and furane are diminished. In the connection the in such a way cleaned flue gas over induced draught blower is carried into the fire-place. The entire air pollution will be smaller alike 1%.

Power production

From each other the independently working condensing turbines propel in each case a generator. The tension at the clamps of each generator amounts to 10 or 20 kV. The produced energy is fed over a high voltage switching station with the appropriate disconnecting switches and an automatic idle current compensation into a transformer. The tension at the delivery point amounts to depending individual requirements.

Turbine manufacturing

The customers´demand on durability, efficiency and economy has always had top priority of our turbines. We use a modular concept which allows a flexible installation of the whole plant.

The advantages of the modular concept:

  • proven turbine design featuring sound technology and high availability

  • high efficiency dure to optimized design in connection with the use of an epicyclic gearbox

  • proven modules for the lubricationg and control oil systems

  • low investement costs

  • flexible, space-saving arrangement

Design principles of our turbine types:

  • multi-stage reaction design

  • maximum symmetry of the upper and lower casings

  • symmetrical temperature distribution at the circumference in all cross-sections under all load conditions

  • single-piece forged rotor

  • high mechanical and thzermal strength in both guide blades and rotor blades to withstand operating stress

  • a large sectional modulus to avoid vibrations

  • low flow losses in the blading covering a wide operating range

  • labyrinth sealing glands between rotor and casing

  • split tilting pad sleeve bearings

  • self-aligning axial bearing, for double-sided loading nozzle group control

  • guide blade carrier

Diagram of the Control Oil System

The control oil system is a compact module. The main components are:

  • oil tank designed as base frame

  • main oil pump with AC motor

  • pressure tank

  • oil filter

  • bypass pump

  • oil cooler

  • measuring and control system

Apart from the control valves, the system also feeds the live steam trip valve, the extraction with a system pressure of 160 bar, commonly used for hydraulic systems.

Diagram of the Lubricating Oil System

The Lubricating oil system is a compact module designed as a low-pressure oil system for turbine, gearbox and generator, consisting of:

  • complete set of two main oil pumps

  • oil cooler

  • oil filter

  • oil mist fan

  • temperature control valve

  • pressure control valve

Control-, measure– and analysis technology

In the central monitoring all relevant measuring data are visualized and processed. Are seized temperatures, humidity values, quantity values and aerial engineering data. All data are seized over a bus system and logged continuously. Additional camera pictures are indicated always. The sum of the data are processed automatically and to serve the controlling of the entire plant. Safety relevant limit values will be crossed counter measures automatically introduced.

Feed into the backbone network

Conventional Power Stations

The Industrie Anlagen Vertriebs GmbH also builds conventional gas-turbine power stations which are intended to supply electric power from 120 MW up to 600 MW, additional thermal power, to industrial and individual consumers.